nephron ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration in a nephron is the initial step of the filtration process in the kidney [7]. It occurs in the glomerulus, a coiled structure of capillaries surrounded by the Bowman's capsule. The high hydrostatic pressure of blood flow allows small molecules, such as water and solutes, to pass through the capillary membrane and the gaps in the podocytes surrounding the glomerulus [8] [7]. This results in the formation of primary urine, which still contains essential molecules like proteins and sugars [4] [6]. The filtrate then moves to the rest of the nephron, where water, glucose, amino acids, and salts are reabsorbed, creating a more concentrated urine [3]. Factors that can impair ultrafiltration include uremia, peritonitis, and high dextrose PD solution, causing inflammation of the peritoneal membrane [1].

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